Parâmetros principais do transformador de baixa frequência

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1. A relação de tensão

Defina o número de dois grupos de low-frequency transformador bobinas como N1 e N2, N1 é o enrolamento primário, N2 é o enrolamento secundário.
Uma tensão CA é aplicada ao enrolamento primário e uma força eletromotriz induzida é gerada em ambas as extremidades da bobina secundária.
When N2>N1, its induced electromotive force is higher than the primary voltage added, this low-frequency transformador is called boost low-frequency transformador.

A eficiência de 2.

At rated power, the ratio of the output power to the input power of the low-frequency transformador is called the efficiency of the low-frequency transformador, that is, η=P2/P1×100%.
Where η is the efficiency of the low-frequency transformador, P1 is the input power and P2 is the output power.
When the output power P2 of the low-frequency transformador is equal to the input power P1, the efficiency η is equal to 100%, at this time the low-frequency transformador will not produce any loss, but in fact this low-frequency transformador does not exist, low-frequency transformador transmission power always produce loss, this loss mainly copper loss and iron loss.
The efficiency of the low-frequency transformador is closely related to the power level of the low-frequency transformador. Usually, the greater the power, the smaller the loss and the higher the efficiency.
Pelo contrário, quanto menor a potência, menor a eficiência.

3. Frequência de trabalho

Because the low frequency transformador core loss and frequency is very important, it should be designed and used according to the frequency of use, this frequency is called the working frequency.

4. Tensão nominal

This parameter refers to the voltage allowed to be applied on the primary winding of the low-frequency transformador. The voltage applied on the primary winding of the low-frequency transformador shall not be greater than the specified value in normal operation.

5. Potência nominal

Rated power refers to the low frequency transformador in the specified frequency and voltage, can work for a long time, and does not exceed the specified temperature rise of the secondary output power.
The unit of rated power of low-frequency transformador is VA(volt ampere), instead of W(watt). This is because there will be part of reactive power in the rated power, so it is more accurate to express VA.

6. Sem corrente de carga

When the low-frequency transformador secondary winding open, there is still a certain current in the primary coil, this current is called no-load current.
A corrente sem carga é composta por corrente de magnetização (gerando fluxo magnético) e corrente de perda de ferro (causada pela perda do núcleo).
Para o low-frequency transformador with 50Hz power supply, a corrente sem carga é basicamente igual à corrente de magnetização.

7. Sem perda de carga

When the low-frequency transformador is open in the secondary, the power loss measured in the primary is the no-load loss.

8. Resistência de isolamento

This parameter represents the insulation performance between each coil of the low-frequency transformador and between each coil and the iron core.
A resistência de isolamento está relacionada ao desempenho, temperatura e umidade do material isolante utilizado.
Insulation resistance is a parameter that represents the insulation performance of low-frequency transformador. It is the ratio of voltage and leakage current applied on the insulation layer, including the insulation resistance value between windings, windings and core and shell.
Porque a resistência de isolamento é muito grande, geralmente só pode usar um medidor de megaohm (ou multímetro R×10kΩ bloco) para medir sua resistência.
If the insulation resistance of the low-frequency transformador is too low, the case may be charged in use and even the low-frequency transformador winding may be broken down and burned.

9. O aumento da temperatura de
When the low-frequency transformador is put into operation, the part where the coil temperature is higher than the ambient temperature is called the coil temperature rise.
A parte do núcleo onde a temperatura de operação excede a temperatura ambiente é chamada de aumento da temperatura do núcleo.
Existem dois tipos de aumento de temperatura: o aumento de temperatura mais quente e o aumento de temperatura média.
Generally, the average temperature rise of the coil is taken as the temperature rise index of the low-frequency transformador.
Temperature rise is an important factor affecting the life of low-frequency transformador.
The allowable temperature rise of a low-frequency transformador is determined by its insulation and heat resistance class.